( 2003), Estimating T e in the presence of internal loads, J. Browaeys ( 1994), Rift flank uplift in Tibet: Evidence for a viscous lower crust, Tectonics, 13( 3), 659– 667. Molnar ( 1985), Gravity anomalies, flexure of the Indian plate, and the structure, support and evolution of the Himalaya and Ganga basin, Tectonics, 4( 6), 513– 538. Molnar ( 1984), Gravity anomalies and the structure of western Tibet and the Southern Tarim Basin, Geophys. Zeng ( 2011), Focused modern denudation of the Longmen Shan margin, eastern Tibetan Plateau, Geochem. ( 2009), Co-seismic ruptures of the, M s8.0 Wenchuan earthquake, Sichuan: East-west crustal shortening on oblique, parallel thrusts along the eastern edge of Tibet, Earth Planet. Ding ( 2008), Quantifying landscape differences across the Tibetan plateau: Implications for topographic relief evolution, J. Watts ( 2005), Gravity anomalies, flexure and the elastic thickness structure of the India-Eurasia collisional system, Earth Planet. Zhu ( 1996), Mapping the descent of Indian and Eurasian plates beneath the Tibetan Plateau from gravity anomalies, J. Jin ( 2005), Mapping the deep lithospheric structure beneath the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau from gravity anomalies, J. Emmerson ( 2008), New views on the structure and rheology of the lithosphere, J. ( 2002), Strength of the continental lithosphere: Time to abandon the jelly sandwich?, GSA Today, 12( 9), 4– 10. Klinger ( 2010), Structural setting of the 2008 M w 7.9 Wenchuan, China, earthquake, Bull. Shaw ( 2009), Uplift of the Longmen Shan and Tibetan plateau, and the 2008 Wenchuan (M = 7.9) earthquake, Nature, 458( 7235), 194– 197. ( 2011), The combined satellite-only global gravity field model GOCO02S, Geophys. Cheng ( 2007), Present-day crustal motion within the Tibetan Plateau inferred from GPS measurements, J. ( 2011), Eigen-6-A new combined global gravity field model including GOCE data from the collaboration of GFZ-Potsdam and GRGS-Toulouse, Geophys. McKenzie ( 2007), Models of crustal flow in the India-Asia collision zone, Geophys. ( 2008), Kinematics and dynamics of the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau, Geophys. Royden ( 2005), Dynamic topography produced by lower crustal flow against rheological strength heterogeneities bordering the Tibetan Plateau, Geophys. Molnar ( 1998), Gravity anomalies over the Ferghana Valley (central Asia) and intracontinental deformation, J. ( 2008), A geological and geophysical context for the Wenchuan earthquake of, Sichuan, People's Republic of China, GSA Today, 18( 7), 4– 11. Hsu ( 2003), Spatial variations of flexure parameters over the Tibet-Quinghai plateau, Earth Planet. Two-dimensional admittance analysis shows the T e of easternmost Tibet is very low, approximately 7 km. Analysis of a stacked profile of the free-air anomalies shows that the effective elastic thickness of the basin lithosphere is greater than 10 km, but has a broad minimum misfit function with no upper limit on the thickness. The free-air gravity anomalies over the Longmen Shan show that its mass is supported by flexure of the adjacent Sichuan Basin lithosphere, similar to the flexural support of the Himalayas. We investigate the response of the lithosphere to the load of the Longmen Shan and estimate the flexural rigidity or effective elastic thickness T eusing new gravity data acquired by recent satellites and the combined GOCO2S and EIGEN-6c datasets. Gravity measurements reflect the distribution of mass within the Earth, including the large load of rock above the geoid in mountain ranges. The tectonic processes and structure of the lithosphere beneath this range have been controversial. The mountain range at the steep eastern edge of the Tibetan Plateau, the Longmen Shan, was deformed by a M w7.9 earthquake with oblique thrust and strike-slip motion in 2008.
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